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ADVENTURE - Best of the Great Mountain Parks in Indonesia Mount Tambora
Sumbawa
The travel starts early in the morning from the neighbor island, Lombok,
on a 2-hour drive through the winding countryside and the rice paddy
fields, with the magnificent view of Mount Rinjani, the second volcanic
peak of Indonesia.
After a 2-hour ferry cross, arrive at Poto Tano, the entry of Sumbawa
from the West. The drive continued to Sumbawa Besar, the principal town
of the island where an overnight stay at simple hotel in the town is a
need.
The next day, start to drive the island of Sumbawa along the arid
mountainous countryside up to the Tambora peninsular with stop at Dompu,
a little town a half-way to Pancasila Village .
The first four hour, the route is fantastic before the drive goes on the
bumpy dirt road in the last 4-hour trip.
After breakfast, swap the Toyota Kijang with a local 4x4 WD to reach the
entry of Mount Tambora , where the ruins of the lost civilization were
found by and in the former Dutch official coffee plantation.
After visiting the display, start the 3day-2night trek to the summit
(see the itinerary). After enjoying the three-day trek, return to Lombok
.
NOTE:
The travel to the site and back takes between seven to eight days
depending on the type of transport you use from Lombok (either on
private transport with 30 to 40 percent of costs to rise or on public
transport in which you will be accompanied by our tour guide along the
journey).
Current Elevation : 9,123 feet (2,851 m)
Prior to Explosion : 13,440 feet (4,200 m)
Mount Tambora is located in Sumbawa Island , an island of the Lesser
Sundas (15,437 square km), Indonesia along the Sunda Arc. It lies about
188 miles behind the Sunda Trench, and the subduction zone in that area
has a shallow dip and is less than 125 miles deep beneath Mount Tambora.
Mount Tambora might have been inactive for as long as 5,000 years before
its 1815 erruption.
WHAT HAPPENED
Increases in steam and small phreatic eruptions proceeded the eruption
for at least six months and probably up to three years.
On April 5, 1815, a moderately large explosion eruption occured. Ash
fell in East Java and thunder-like sounds were heard up to 875 miles
(1,400 km) away. About 150 cubic kilometers of ash were erupted (about
150 times more than 1980 eruption of Mounst St. Helens). The eruption
column reached a height of about 44 km. The collapse of the eruption
column produced numerous pyroclastic flows. As these pyroclastic flows
reached the ocean where they caused additional explosions.
On April 10, 1815, a larger eruption occurred and lasted until April 15.
Volcanic explosively index: 7 (max. 8 – Mount Toba in Sumatra, Indonesia
), ejected an estimated 50 – 100 kg of melted rock, a caldera formed
that measured 4.375 miles
(7 km) in diameter, earthquakes were felt 312.5 miles (500 km) away.
In Java the day was darkened by clouds of ashes, thrown from the
mountain to that great distance ( 500 miles or 500 km), and the houses,
streets, and fields, were covered to the depth of several inches with
the ashes that fell from the air.
The heat triggered ( 800°C ) a dreadful whirlwind which blew down nearly
every house in the village. The sea rose nearly twelve feet above the
highest tide-mark, sweeping any houses, trees, everything within its
reach. This whirlwind lasted about an hour.
YEAR WITHOUT SUMMER 1816 - the effect of the biggest volcanic
catastrophe in the history
THE WORLD
Famine was widespread due to crop failure, and crop prices rose
dramatically.
EUROPE AND SWITZERLAND
Europe suffered from food shortages and Switzerland declared a national
emergency.
UNITED STATES
Historians cite this year as the primary motivation for rapid settlement
of the American Midwest.
The excessive weather conditions forced Mary Shelley to stay indoors and
write Frankenstein.
The eruption killed about 92,000 people; about 10,000 people died
immediately from tephra falls, pyroclastic flows, etc. , about 82,000
people died later due to starvation, disease, etc., and the death
throughout the world is predicted reach the amount of 48,000 people
caused by starvation and disease due to the resulting climate change.
All the vegetation on several nearby islands were destroyed.
The eruption sent the enormous of volcanic ash into the atmosphere, and
weather patterns worldwide were altered. Much of the northen hemisphire
experienced cooler temperatures in the following summer; global
temperatures were lowered by as much as 3 degrees C. The reason of a
year without summer after 104 years questioned.
Probably when the European Farmers particurally in Germany started to
smile after the crop failure caused by the volcano, IT WAS THE START OF
THE BAUER FEST.
SO THINK
How was the weather in the area surrounding Indonesia and in the
southern hemisphere affected by the explosion.
COME to Sumbawa Island Indonesia and come for a learning travel to the
historical Mount Tambora .
THE CURRENT MOUNT TAMBORA
Gunung Tambora dominates the northern peninsula of Sumbawa Island
Indonesia . It is heavily wooded, and surrounded by a thick belt of rain
forest, a strange contrast to the aridity of the remainder of the
peninsula. The slope of Gunung Tambora is also the preserve region for
genuine wild animal of the island; Banteng (oxen), Sumbawa Deer and the
barking deer
(deer).
TRIP TO MOUNT TAMBORA (Travel for Learning and the Monument Visit)
The ascent that starts from the footpath at Pancasila Village takes
three days; however it may take longer depending on the purpose of trip
and your point of origin.
TREKKING ITINERARY: Subject to Change
Day 01 : Pancasila Village – Base Camp III ( B L D )
Leave Pancasila Village for the Post I on a two-hour drive. Then start
to ascend entering the thick forest to reach post II – two hours.
Continued the 2-hour ascent to Post III for camping overnight.
Day 02 : Base Camp III – Summit – Base Camp III ( B L D )
Early in the morning, leave the camping ground for the 3.5-hour ascent
to the s ummit . Then after enjoying the massive caldera of 7 km in
diameter and 1,110 m in depth (the deepest in the world), descent to the
camping ground for overnight stay.
During the last 1 million years, Mount Tambora exploded four times.
Day 03 : Base Camp III – Pancasila Village ( B L D )
After breakfast, descent to Pancasila Village (5 hours).
NOTE
Wear long trouser and long sleeved-shirts ! The temperature on the
summit may reach 10 degrees C. Nettles and leeches on the woods trail.
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